Berlain



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

' A. P. CHAMBERLAIN.

METHOD OF MANUFAGTURING GAS.

N0.286,589. Patented Oct. 16, 1883.

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2 Sheets-Sheet 2( (No Mariel.)

A. P. CHAMBERLAIN.

METHOD OF MANUFACTURING GA-S.

No. 286,589. Patented Oct. 16, 1883.

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UN TED STATES AMOS I. CHAMBERLAIN,

PATENT OFFICE.

,OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

METHOD OF .MANUFACTURlNG GAS SPECIFICATION forming part of LettersPatentNo. 286,589, dated October 16, 1883.

Application filed Octubcr13. 18552. (No model.) Patented in EnglandFebruary 23, 1880, No. 791, and December 10, 1880, No. 5,156; in GermanyAugust El, 1880, No. 14,183; in France August 23, 1880, No. 133,384, andJune 10, Lc8l, No. 143,326; in Belgium August 27. 1.580, No. 52,423, andin Spain September 15, [881, No. 1,657.

To all whom, it may concern? Be itknown that I, Amos PEIRCE CHAM-BERLAIN, a citizen of the United States, at

j exact terms as to enable any one skilled in the arts to which itappertains or with-which it is most nearly connected to make and use thesame, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part ofthis specification, and to the figures and letters of reference markedthereon, and in which- Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation ofasuitable form of retort to be used in the practice of my invention,together with a wetterreservoir and gas-receiver. Fig. 2 is a transversesection of Fig. 1, showing only the parts that appear by cutting thesection. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of a retort of circular formhavinga return-flue through its center for the passage of the heat,instead of over the top, as in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a transverse section ofthe retort shown by Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal vertical sectionthrough the retort and an air-forcing apparatus, B.

My invention relates to the manufacture of rich fixed gas forilluminating and heating purposes; and it consists of making such gas ofhydrocarbon oil, water, and atmospheric air by intermingling themin aretort heated high enough to decompose them, and of then passing theresultant gas directly from the retort, in its highly-heated condition,through a water bath. V

The invention may be carried into efiect by any suitable apparatus. Theone I have represented by the drawings is well adapted for the purpose;but others may be devised that will accomplish the same result withoutdeparting from the principle of theinvention.

The apparatus illustrated by the drawings consists of one or moreretorts, c, inclosed in a brick chamber, and having a flue under,behind, and above it, as shown by Fig. 1. The

furnace for heating the retort is made in the bot-tom flue, asindicated, and the top flue is oil together aredelivered into the retortin charged with coal or coke placed upon the top of the retort, leavingroom enough, neverthe less, for the passage of the air necessary for thedraft of the furnace. The fire is kindled in the furnace under theretort and passes back around its rear end, returning through 5 5 thetop flue upon the coal or coke, igniting it, and making a hot, live fireon the top as well as under the bottom of the retort. In combinationwith said retortare arranged two reservoirs, a and I), one to containoil and the other to contain water, and each of them to be fitted withsuitable cocks or valves to reg .ulate the flow of oil and water. Incombination witheach of these reservoirs is a branch pipe, each ofwhichis provided with a funnelshaped top, into which the oil and waterare delivered from the reservoirs. These branch pipes unite in a pipe,(1, which is common to them both, and into which the oil and water flowand intermix on their way to the retort.

In the front end of the retort an air-pipe, h, is fitted, which pipe isconnected to any suitable air-forcing apparatus, B, and should be fittedwith a suitable cock or valve to regulate the supply of air.

In the rear end of the retort a gas-deliver ing pipe, 0, is fitted, bywhich the hot gas, as fast as it is generated by the decomposition ofthe oil, water, and air, is carried from the retort to thewater-reservoir J, and from thence it passes through the water into thegas-holdor K.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows: The oil and water are ledfrom the sepa rate reservoirs, in certain fixed proportions,

through the branch pipes to the pipe (2, common to both reservoirs, theoil mingling with the water as it enters from the branch pipe into thepipe d. From this pipe the water and the form of a spray, caused by theheat of the 9 pipe at, which is carried well into the retort, I asillustrated by the drawings. As the oil and water are delivered into theretort, there is also delivered into it a stream or blast of 5 air fromthe air-forcing apparatus B through the pipe h, the air mixing with thegas of the oil and water as fast as it is generated, the

monly known as a Root blower, an outline of which is shown by B.

\Vithout departing from the spirit of the invention, the air may beheated in a separate to retort and 'miXed with the oil and water gasafter it leaves the retort c and before it enters the water-reservoir;or the air may be heated in a separated retort and passed separatelythrough the water-reservoir and mixed with the oil and water gas in thegas-holder; or it may be heated and delivered directly into the gas-ho]der without passing it through the wa ter; but I prefer to deliver theair into the re t )it simultaneously with the oil and water, and

pass the whole product through the waterair in the proportion of aboutthree feet of air to one foot of gas made from the above proportions ofoil and water; but these prop0rtions may vary greatly, depending uponwhat the gas is to be used for, the richness of the oil, and variousother conditions entering into the manufacture and use of the gas. Thebest proportions of the several constituents under the variousconditions will be quickly ascertained by a little experience on thepart of the person in charge of the manufacture of the gas. The gasproduced by this method may be used alone or in combination with theordinary coal-gas, which is greatly improved by the combination.

In concluding this specification I observe that in manufacturing gasupon the plan of my invention the oil and water are to be introducedinto the retort in the fluid state, and not in the form of steam orhydrocarbon vapor. The introduction of ablast of steam into the retortwith the hydrocarbon oil or vapor I have found to be very objectionable.The gas producedv is inferior, either because the force of the steamcarriesthe gas-producing elements out of the retort before complete con-.version or because of some chemical'action or reaction unknown to me;and, moreover, the use of a blast of steam for carrying the oil orhydrocarbon vapor into the retort is old, and is not included in mymethod or claim of invention; but

' YVhat I claim is- The method substantially herein described ofmanufacturing gas for illuminating and heating purposes, which methodconsists of introducing air, water, and hydrocarbon oil into a retortheated high enough to decompose them, and of then passing the resultantgas through water, substantially as described, for the purposespecified.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

AMOS PEIRCE CHAMBERLAIN.

\Vitnesses:

JNo. H. JUDGE, AMos BROADNAX:

